Metal working fluids include metal cutting processing fluids (usually called cutting fluids) and metal plastic forming processing fluids. In these two types of processing processes, the tool, the mold and the metal workpiece to be processed have greater friction and high temperature, so the metal working fluid has requirements for lubrication and cooling, but the specific requirements are often different.
The use of coolant in metal cutting has been around for hundreds of years since the 17th century. From soda water in the 17th century, vegetable oil in the 18th century, soapy water, rapeseed oil in the 19th century, vulcanized cutting fluid, synthetic cutting fluid, to the modern use of all kinds of cutting oil and water-soluble cutting fluid, its development trend is more and more functional, lasting longer and longer, more environmentally friendly.
The role of metal cutting fluid
(1) Cooling
1) In order to solve the cutting heat.
2) The cooling effect is related to the composition, type, concentration, chip, tool, flow rate, liquid feeding method and Angle of the cutting fluid.
(2) Lubrication
1) Add medium (oil, cutting fluid) between the friction bodies to partially reduce friction heat, but have no effect on plastic deformation, prevent the production of cutting tumors, and protect the machined surface.
2) Extreme pressure concept: at high temperature and high pressure, the lubricating medium is lost (the oil film is not), the formation of solid and solid direct contact, and the addition of EP (such as sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine), a chemical reaction is formed on the metal surface to form a reaction film.
(3) Rust prevention
The anti-rust effect is in two aspects: 1) the workpiece is generally required to be stainless for 8 to 24 hours after processing, and the higher requirements are stainless for 3 to 5 days. 2) Equipment, the use of any kind of cutting fluid should improve the anti-rust protection of the equipment, ordinary anti-rust cutting fluid can be directly used as a water-based anti-rust agent.
(4) Cleaning
1) Wash away the chips and clean the grinding wheel. Judging the cleaning quality is good or bad, one is the decontamination ability, the other is the self-recovery ability of its own oil.
2) The fully synthetic grinding fluid can be directly used as an anti-rust cleaning agent.
(5) Product commonality
Cutting oil - anti-rust oil
Super fine grinding oil - solvent type rust prevention oil
Emulsified oil - rust-proof emulsified cutting fluid
Synthetic liquid -- water-based rust prevention agent, rust prevention cleaning agent
