Lubrication: In the cutting process, the workpiece is cut off by contact with the tool tip. In addition, friction is generated between the tool and the workpiece near the processing point, and between the tool and the cutting chips. Reduce friction and lubricate by supplying process fluid to the contact point between the tool and the workpiece.
Cooling effect: the energy generated by metal cutting basically becomes heat energy, if the heat can not be effectively controlled, it will accumulate on the workpiece, for the shape and accuracy of the workpiece processing will have an impact, in addition, the loss of tools will increase with the rise of temperature, so the processing fluid has a good cooling effect.
Third, cleaning effect: cutting/grinding processing of cutting chips, powder, sand, etc., if accumulated on the cutting point, will cause damage to the processing, resulting in damage to tools and workpiece scratches and other problems, so it must be quickly removed. In addition, long cutting chips may also be wrapped around the tool, which is very dangerous for the operation, so the processing fluid also plays a cleaning role.
Fourth, anti-rust effect: in the cutting process, the workpiece and the machine tool are susceptible to the surrounding media such as moisture, oxygen, hand sweat, acidic substances and dust in the air and produce rust, so the processing fluid itself is not only required to rust the machine tool, tools and workpieces, but also has good anti-rust ability for metal products.
Of course, in addition to the above four main uses, it should also have environmental protection, easy to use, stability (storage), long life and other characteristics.
